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I. Introduction (p. 93) |
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A. Research Goal (p. 93) |
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B. Research Methodology (p. 94) |
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II. Background of Larry Nassar (p. 94) |
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A. Career Overview (p. 94) |
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B. The Accusations, Trials, and Sentencings (p. 96) |
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III. USA Gymnastics (USAG) (p. 101) |
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A. Background of USAG (p. 101) |
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B. The Previous USAG Administration (p. 102) |
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C. The Karolyi Ranch (p. 104) |
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D. Training at The Karolyi Ranch (p. 104) |
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E. Larry Nassar's Role at The Ranch (p. 108) |
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F. Larry Nassar's Role at Geddert's Twistars Gymnastics Club (p. 110) |
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G. The Initial Complaint to USAG of Larry Nassar's Sexual Assault (p. 111) |
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H. Bankruptcy, Investigations, Settlements, and New Policies (p. 113) |
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IV. Michigan State University (MSU) (p.114) |
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A. Larry Nassar's Roles at MSU (p. 114) |
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B. The Title IX Complaint (p. 114) |
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C. The Previous MSU Faculty and Administration (p. 117) |
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D. MSU and NCAA Investigations, Reports, and Settlements (p. 119) |
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V. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) (p. 121) |
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A. The Intent and Structure of the USOC (p. 121) |
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B. Scott Blackmun and Alan Ashley (p. 122) |
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C. The USOC Receives Complaint from USAG about Larry Nassar (p. 123) |
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D. New Policies at the USOC (p. 124) |
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VI. Other Sexual Assault Cases Within Member Institutions of the USOC (p. 125) |
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A. USA Swimming (p. 125) |
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B. USA Diving (p. 127) |
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VII. Corrective Policies (p. 128) |
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A. The Need for a New Approach (p. 128) |
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B. A Case Study: Arizona State University's Resources for Sexual Violence (p. 129) |
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VIII. Recommended Corrective Policies (p. 130) |
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A. The organization should treat all allegations of sexual violence seriously and respond quickly (p. 130) |
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B. Mandatory education on sexual violence for everyone within the athletic organization (athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, team physicians, administrators, etc.) (p. 131) |
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C. Impose significant consequences for mandatory reporters and their athletic organization if they fail to take appropriate action after receiving a complaint or report (p. 135) |
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D. Mandatory reporters should have an alternative means reporting (p. 135) |
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E. Require mandatory reporters to document in writing all complaints they receive (p. 136) |
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F. Athletic organizations should maintain an internal centralized database for all reports of sexual violence (p. 137) |
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G. The NCAA and the USOC should maintain a centralized database of completed investigations of individuals who have been found to have engaged in sexual violence (p. 137) |
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H. Require mandatory reporters to take action after they receive complaints from secondhand notifiers, anonymous victims, and unsigned complaints (p. 138) |
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I. Following a complaint or report, the victim should be notified of the organization's actions (p. 139) |
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J. Following a complaint or report, the accused should not select, be associated with, or connected to the individuals conducting the investigation (p. 139) |
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K. Throughout an investigation, the accused should be placed on administrative leave with pay or reassigned to activities that do not include the type of activity which gave rise of the complaint, until the investigation is completed (p. 140) |
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L. Team physicians should be considered mandatory reporters (p. 141) |
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M. At their request, the athlete should have the right to have an additional individual of their choice in the room while they are receiving medical treatment (p. 143) |
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N. Require athlete representation within the governance structure of athletic organization (p. 143) |
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IX: Conclusion (p. 145) |